Cases

1. District v State of Tasmania http://en. wikipedia. organization/wiki/Commonwealth_v_Tasmania 2. Lee v Knapp In Lee v Knapp [1967] 2 QB 442 an Act necessitated that a driver â€Å"stop† after a mishap. The litigant guaranteed that they did in actuality quickly end, before continuing, in this manner following an ordinarily acknowledged exacting significance of â€Å"stop†. The appointed authority found that in this situation â€Å"stop† implied stop and trust that police or different authorities will research the mishap. A strict understanding was against the reason for the law. 3a Smith v Hughes SMITH v HUGHES (1960) 1 WLR 830 Master PARKER CJ: These are six interests by method of case expressed by one of the stipendiary justices sitting at Bow Street, before whom informations were favored by cops against the respondents, for each situation that she ‘being a typical whore, solicited in a road with the end goal of prostitution, in spite of area (1) of the Street Offenses Act, 1959. ’ The judge for each situation found that the litigant was a typical whore, that she had requested and that the sales was in a road, and for each situation fined the respondent. The realities, to all goals and purposes, raise a similar point for each situation; there are minute contrasts. The appellants for each situation were not themselves genuinely in the road but rather were in a house bordering the road. In one case the appealing party was on an overhang and she pulled in the consideration of men in the road by tapping and calling down to them. In different cases the appellants were in ground-floor windows, either shut or half open, and for another situation in a first-floor window. The sole inquiry here is whether in those conditions every litigant was requesting in a road or open spot. The expressions of s. (1) of the Act are in this structure: ‘It will be an offense for a typical whore to linger or request in a road or open spot with the end goal of prostitution. ’ Observe that it doesn't state there explicitly that the individual who is doing the requesting must be in the road. Similarly it doesn't state that it is sufficient if the individual who gets the sales or to whom it is tended to is in the road. As far as concerns me, I approach the issue by thinking about what is the naughtiness focused on by this Act. Everyone realizes this was an Act planned to tidy up the avenues, to empower individuals to stroll along the roads without being attacked or requested by regular whores. Seen in that manner, it can matter little whether the whore is requesting while in the road or is remaining in an entryway or on a gallery, or at a window, or whether the window is closed or open or half open; for each situation her sales is anticipated to and routed to someone strolling in the road. As far as concerns me, I am substance to put together my choice with respect to that ground and that ground alone. I believe that the justice reached a right resolution for each situation, and that these interests ought to be excused. Master PARKER CJ: These are six interests by method of Cases Stated by one of the stipendiary judges sitting at Bow Street, before whom informations were favored by the respondent for each situation against the appealing party for that she ‘being a typical whore, solicited in a road with the end goal of prostitution, in opposition to s 1(1) of the Street Offenses Act, 1959. The officer for each situation found that the litigant was a typical whore, that she had requested and that the sales was in a road, and for each situation fined the appealing party. The realities, to all plans and purposes, raise a similar point for each situation; there are minute contrasts. The appellants for each situation were not themselves genuinely in the road but rathe r were in a house connecting the road. In one case the appealing party was on a gallery and she pulled in the ttention of men in the road by tapping and calling down to them. In different cases the appellants were in ground-floor windows, either shut or half open, and for another situation in a first-floor window. The sole inquiry here is whether in those conditions every litigant was requesting in a road or open spot. The expressions of s 1(1) of the Act are in this structure: ‘It will be an offense for a typical whore to dally or request in a road or open spot with the end goal of prostitution. ’ See that it doesn't state there explicitly that the individual who is doing the requesting must be in the road. Similarly it doesn't state that it is sufficient if the individual who gets the requesting or to whom it is tended to is in the road. As far as concerns me, I approach the issue by thinking about what is the underhandedness focused on by this Act. Everyone realizes this was an Act planned to tidy up the lanes, to empower individuals to stroll along the lanes without being attacked or requested by normal whores. Seen in that manner, it can matter little whether the whore is requesting while in the road or is remaining in an entryway or on an overhang, or at a window, or whether the window is closed or open or half open; for each situation her sales is anticipated to and routed to someone strolling in the road. As far as it matters for me, I am substance to put together my choice with respect to that ground and that ground alone. I feel that the justice arrived at a right resolution for each situation, and that these interests ought to be excused. HILBERY J: I concur. 9, Curzon Street, from the papers before us, gives off an impression of being let to two whores who practice their calling from that address, and the method of rehearsing it is appeared by the Cases Stated, as my Lord has said; in one case by tapping on the window sheet with some metal article as men passed by in the road before her, and afterward transparently welcoming them into her room. In different cases it was finished by tapping on the windows of different rooms involved by these whores and afterward, if the window was open, giving nvitations by method of requesting or signals speaking to sales. For each situation signals were expected to request men passing by in the road. They effected requesting of the men when they arrived at those men. At that point the individual in the road to whom the sign was tended to was requested and, being requested in the road, I concur with the finish of my Lord and thus I have implied that these interests must be excused. DONOVAN J: I concur with both the decisions which have been conveyed. Cases expressed These were requests by Cases Stated from the arbitrations of one of the judges of the police courts of the city sitting at Bow Street Magistrates’ Court as a magistrates’ court, before whom informations were favored on 27 November 1959, 8 December 1959, 5 January 1960 and on a day obscure in 1960 by the respondents, cops, that the appellants, Marie Theresa Smith and Christine Tolan being regular whores, solicited in a road with the end goal of prostitution, in spite of s 1(1) of the Street Offenses Act, 1959. There were two informations against Marie Theresa Smith, which were heard on 4 February 1960, when the accompanying realities were found. The appealing party was a typical whore, living at 39, Curzon Street, W1, and utilizing the premises for the reasons for prostitution. That on 4 November 1959, between 8. 50 pm and 9. 5 pm the appealing party requested men going in the road for the reasons for prostitution from a first floor gallery of 39, Curzon Street, the overhang being around eight to ten feet above road level. The appellant’s strategy for requesting the men would i say i was to stand out for them to her by tapping on the gallery railing with some metal item and by murmuring to them as they went in the road underneath her, and (ii) having so stood out for them, to chat with them and welcome them to come inside the said premises by such words as ‘Would you like to come up here a short time? ’ simultaneously as she showed the right entryway of the premises. That on 9 January 1960, between 12. 0 am and 1 am the appealing party requested men going in the road for the motivations behind prostitution from a shut ground floor window of 39, Curzon Street, the window being somewhere in the range of three feet from railings, four feet high, which limited the asphalt on the premises. That the appellant’s technique for requesting the men was (I) to stand out for them to her by tapping on the window sheet with some metal item as they passed by in the road before her and (ii) h aving so stood out for them, to welcome them in at a cost which she demonstrated by expanding three fingers of her hand and showing the right entryway of the premises. That on one event the cost so demonstrated by the appealing party was concurred and the man entered the premises, leaving somewhere in the range of fifteen minutes after the fact. On another event the cost so demonstrated by the appealing party was not concurred by the man concerned, who made a counter-proposition as to cost by broadening two fingers of his hand. This counter-proposition was not acknowledged by the appealing party and the man left. There were four informations against Christine Tolan which were heard on 4 February 1960, two being heard additionally on 8 February 1960, when the accompanying realities were found. That the litigant was a typical whore living at 39, Curzon Street, London, W1, and utilizing the premises for the motivations behind prostitution. That on 4 November 1959, between 9. 25 pm and 9. 35 pm the appealing party requested men going in the road for the reasons for prostitution from a half-open ground floor window of 39, Curzon Street, the window being somewhere in the range of three feet from four feet high railings which limited the asphalt on the premises. That the appellant’s technique for requesting the men was (I) to stand out for them to her considerably inclining out of the window towards the men as they passed by in the road before her and (ii), having so stood out for them, to chat with them and welcome them I

Critical Action Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Basic Action Learning - Essay Example In this paper, I will examine the procedure of basic activity figuring out how to accomplish upgraded understanding and potential goals of the work put together issue with solid concentration with respect to moral issues and ethical quality. The paper shows how basic activity learning has been applied to improve CSR in my association. Watchwords: activity, basic, moral and learning Introduction In week one, I examined the issue that our association was looking in the usage and rehearsing of the social obligation. There was lack of care in the representative cooperation on the issues that concerned corporate social obligation. As a center administration supervisor, I was entrusted with guaranteeing that corporate social duty was upgraded in our association and that we could expand representative maintenance through the acts of CSR (Cox, Geotte, and Young, 2005). The accompanying paper gives how activity learning was utilized in our association to deliver the issues identifying with hi erarchical administration corresponding to the top administration, center administration and workers. The corporate social duty was the significant issue examined in the paper. ... al obligation in a business association is the procedure of social duty, approaches, programs and detectable results according to the organizations social relationship. The CSR can prompt expanded notoriety for the business. The corporate social obligation in this manner suggests to the social conduct of business towards it partners (Heal, 2008). The partners for this situation allude to the network individuals. Organizations that are socially mindful in making benefits additionally add to certain parts of offering back to the network in the circles of social turn of events. As indicated by Heal (2008), the corporate social duty is the idea wherein organizations coordinate social and natural worries in the organizations’ tasks and in their connections with the network on willful premise. Our organization expected to guarantee the CSR was bolstered by all workers, as this could direct our organization picture forward, which means trust and more business. Activity learning was c onsolidated to upgrade the comprehension and acknowledgment of the CSR in our association (Ferrell and Ferrell, 2012). Activity learning is an instructive procedure in which individuals in an association cooperate by handling the issues influencing their association and pondering their activities (Masquardit, 2004). In real life learning, the students get the comprehension of the necessary morals and practices through activities they participate in as opposed to being told. The outcomes accomplished in the day by day activities fill in as the inspirations for expanded interest. As per Masquardit (2004), activity learning is a central point in creating ability among people and groups in the critical thinking and during the time spent creation choice in an association. For my situation of upgrading

Scholarship Essay Topics

Scholarship Essay TopicsChoosing the right scholarship essay topics is important. If your topic is chosen correctly, your college scholarship essay will get more than one look from the admissions officers. Essay topics are important. They are going to be read several times over by college admission officers who will be reviewing your application and possibly even reviewing yours before they make their decision.Every essay should have an introduction, but they do not have to be the same. You can still use an introduction to get into the meat of your essay. However, you can also use a short paragraph at the beginning to leave readers with a sense of your intent.The last sentence of your essay should be your conclusion. You can give as little information as you want to the reader about what the writer hopes to accomplish with their essay. College is tough enough without having to explain yourself. It can be overwhelming, especially if you have many questions. You should be able to make yourself understood without writing a lot.Be sure to include your contact information at the end of your essay. Most admissions officers will be contacting you after reading your essay to make sure you are doing well in school. The admissions officers who read your essay will be able to get in touch with you directly if they so desire.If you get a chance to meet with college admissions officers, do so. Meet with them and discuss the topic of your essay. You will get some ideas that might help you in choosing the right scholarship essay topics. A little discussion with an admissions officer is always helpful.Remember that your essay should be written for the reader, not for you. Do not express your own opinions or beliefs. You should write for the readers' benefit. Sometimes an admission officer will question your argumentation or ask you a question that might be similar to what you are questioning in your essay.If you are allowed to answer personal questions in your scholarship essa y topics, it should be in your own words. Never try to twist your words to make it easier for yourself. Explain your thoughts carefully and do not be afraid to admit when you are wrong. In fact, you might want to practice your answers so that you know exactly how to phrase them.The scholarship essay topics you choose are based on what the college will allow you to write. It can be difficult to write about something that you do not understand. There are some scholarship essays that ask you to write about a certain field, such as engineering or philosophy. Your essay should be written based on your knowledge of the topic and not your opinion.

Essay on The History of Accounting - 1013 Words

The origin of accounting primarily consists of the establishment of human society and commerce. The idea of accounting is an old practice that has been dated since the Mesopotamia era. During this era, trade between tribes around Mesopotamia required records to be kept on stone and clay tablets. This took place at least 3600BC, where in those times, the ‘scribes’ who possessed a knowledge of writing also served as bookkeepers. Overall, accounting has made significant contributions over the past five and a half thousand years. The first samples of what we called â€Å"writing† were believed to be actual records of transactions from more than 5,000 years ago. Many scholars considered that accounting systems were in use which had†¦show more content†¦Merchants and property owners used accounting not just for their businesses; They also used it for getting in touch with God, their environmental settings and family members. Francesco Datini, a famous Italian m erchant wrote â€Å"In the Name of God and Profit† in his ledger books. Merchants like Datini (and later Benjamin Franklin) kept moral account books, too, for tallying their sins and good acts the way they tallied income and expenditure. If we wanted to know how to make our country and companies more accountable, we should study the Dutch. In 1602, the foundation of modern capitalism was invented which was the first publicly traded company and official stock market in Amsterdam (the Dutch East India Company). It was their older and well-maintained culture of accountability that kept these institutions stable for a century. The double-entry accounting eventually spread to the Netherlands during the early 1500s which has made the accounting education the country’s main focus. Their managers, eventually, gained trust from The Dutch for maintaining good books and logging in regular interest payments, and paying off their state debts in the meantime. Every level of Dutch so ciety practiced double-entry accounting based on the advantages and pitfalls that were at the fore of the public’s conscious. The Dutch not only had basic financial management skills, they were also acutely aware of the idea of balanced books, auditsShow MoreRelatedThe History Of Accounting811 Words   |  4 PagesToday, Im gonna cover, its a reader question that Ive had submitted right here, but I want to talk about it in a different context than how it reads. So, Im gonna start off with saying this. Doing the right thing, or what you perceived to be the right thing about your unaffordable debt doesnt necessarily get you the results that youre thinking. How does that add up? All right, so, I want to get in to the reader question and Im gonna answer very distinctly and directly to start with. And thenRead MoreHistory of Accounting in Nigeria725 Words   |  3 PagesHistory of Accounting in Nigeria The institutionalization of Accounting started in Britain, from where Accounting was imported to Nigeria. During the preindependence period, in Nigeria, especially before the establishment of the Collages of Arts and Sciences (particularly the one in Ibadan), people who wanted to enroll into accounting profession had to be trained through article ship. This meant that, they had to be attached as apprentices to those in the profession already. When the College ofRead More History Of Accounting Essays1196 Words   |  5 Pagesbefore. The author was a Franciscan monk. The chapter on practical mathematics addressed mathematics in business. He said that the successful merchant needs three things: sufficient cash or credit, an accounting system that can tell him how he ¡Ã‚ ¯s doing, and good bookkeeper to operate it. His accounting system consisted of journals and ledgers. It rested on the invention of double-entry bookkeeping. Debits were on the left side because that ¡Ã‚ ¯s what  ¡Ã‚ °debit ¡Ã‚ ± meant,  ¡Ã‚ °the left ¡Ã‚ ±. The numbers on the rightRead MoreHistory and Development of Accounting2085 Words   |  9 PagesAccounting is defined by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) as the art of recording, classifying, and summarizing in a significant manner and in terms of money, transactions and events which are, in part at least, of financial character, and interpreting the results thereof. Accounting is thousands of years old; the earliest accounting records, which date back more than 7,000 years, were found in Mesopotamia (Assyrians). The people of that time relied on primitive accountingRead More History of Accounting Essay3089 Words   |  13 PagesHistory of Accounting The history of accounting I feel is important in the learning, understanding, and developing of my foundation for my accounting career. In this report you will learn about the development of accounting. You will learn about the people who influenced accounting the most throughout the years. You will learn how accounting came about and how it was used in the ancient times. You will learn about the invention of the double-entry bookkeeping processes. You will learnRead MoreEnron : Questionable Accounting History1364 Words   |  6 PagesEnron: Questionable Accounting Leads to Collapse Enron, a provider of natural gas, electricity, and communications began when two large gas pipeline companies merged together in 1985. CEO Jeffrey Skilling, CFO Andrew Fastow, and Chairman Ken Lay worked diligently throughout the 1990s to build the company to be the largest most successful of its time. Having its name in Wall Street was becoming a norm for the company as it grew beyond all hopes and expectations. 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The accountant is typically required to follow a set of rules and regulations. These rules and regul ations are called the General Accepted Accounting Principles. Throughout these next few paragraphs, I will be giving youRead MoreHistory and Development of Accounting Standards Essay2637 Words   |  11 PagesAccounting has been around since the beginning of civilization.  ¡Ã‚ §Accountants participated in the development of cities, trade, and the concepts of wealth and numbers. ¡Ã‚ ¨ (Giroux) The importance of accounting cannot be overemphasized. Equally important are the standards used to guild the application of accounting practice. Without principles and standards, financial reporting would not fairly present the financial position of a company. Accounting has changed and evolved vastly over time and continuesRead MoreHistory Of Scientific Management And Its Impact On Managerial Accounting Essay1825 Words   |  8 PagesHISTORY OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT The primary goal for the managers within an organization should be to best utilize resources contributed by the shareholders of the organization to create and grow profits and revenues. In addition, the primary goal for an employee should be to earn the highest pay possible at his or her job level, while developing skills to maximize his or her efficiency. These two goals, along with other factors, are critical considerations in the long-term success of an organization

Small Group Observation Purpose, And Dynamics Of The Group

Small Group Observation Paper Type, Purpose, and Dynamics of the Group The Small Group Observation assignment provided the opportunity to experience a self-help group and better understand the intentions, purpose, and functions of support groups. The particular group that I observed was provided through my field agency, Richland 2 School District, for all interns serving as school social workers. The small group is considered a task group that is centered around giving an additional layer of support for graduate students during their field placement experience. In addition, the group addresses the school setting, district expectations, processes events, and assists when any stressful or unanticipated occasions occur throughout the semester. The group meets once monthly in a school conference room and continues for two hours. Furthermore, two school social workers from the district facilitate the support groups for interns throughout their year of field placement. The facilitators are not supervisors or preceptors for any of the group members. Each group consists of five group participants, all graduate students in a Social Work Program. Although the students are each completing internships as school social workers, their standing and stages in the coursework vary as some are part-time, full time, or advanced year. The group is established every year at the start of the fall semester and will conclude at the end of the spring semester. Demographics, Rules and Function ofShow MoreRelatedGroup Observation Assignment1594 Words   |  7 PagesGroup Observation Assignment Groups play a significant role in people’s lives. Humans have a tendency to â€Å"instinctively gravitate to one another in groups to share concerns, find direction in life, solve each other’s problems and otherwise provide protection and support† (Maguire, 2002, p, 120). 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This information was obtained from interview, developmental history, and chart records. The status of his learning and behavior was from observation during school, and partial care program. Eman has long struggled with his academicRead MoreMost Citizen Science Projects Take Place Outdoors Essay996 Words   |  4 Pagesoutdoors. A study by McRoberts (1994), revealed significant increases in self-esteem in 10 out of 14 participants when engaged with outdoor activities. Farnham and Mutrie (1997), in a study involving a group of 19 disconnected pupils of secondary age attending a special school, found positive outcomes in group cohesion, anxiety levels and self-perception after attending a short outdoor development program. Throughout history, outdoor education has been defined in a variety of ways. â€Å"Those who influenced

Porters Five Forces In Retail Industry - 955 Words

Andrew Foles Georgia Breunig Sameer Omar Xiyang Sun Industry Environment: Analysis of United States retail industry using Porter’s Five Forces. What is the retail industry? Retail industry sector encompasses companies and individuals that are engaged in selling products to consumers. As the biggest economy in the world, retail industry in the U.S. is one of the biggest industries in the world with total sales of nearly $5 trillion in 2016 as per www.census.gov. National retail foundation’s report mentions retail industry as the largest private sector employer in the United states with about 15 million people working in the industry. Retail industry in the united states comprises brick and mortar stores and a growing e-commerce sector.†¦show more content†¦This requirement might deter new entrants. 2. Low product differentiation and economies of scale: There isn’t much product differentiation at play in the retail industry as there are well known manufacturers whose products are offered for sale, which leaves price to compete on. Current well established retailers with thousands of stores enjoy the economies of scale to control their cost that a new entrant might not be able to replicate after immediately entering the industry. 3. Switching Cost: If there is anything that can go in favor of a new entrant is switching cost of the buyer. Only loyalty buyers typically have these days is to value. If a new entrant can offer better value, buyers can switch to the new entrant with no switching cost. Better value can only come from sacrificing profits which might deter new entrants as a low profit margin does not promises long term growth. Force 2 - Bargaining Power of Buyers (customers): Companies in the retail industry operate in a high price elasticity environment as there is not much product differentiation to leverage. Buyers face almost no switching cost if they chose a substitute offering better value. On the contrary, large and diverse population making small purchases works in favor of the industry. No one individual or a small group has the power to significantly impact the industry, but overall buyers enjoy have a high bargaining power in the industry. Force 3 – BargainingShow MoreRelatedAlibaba Porters Five Forces Analysis989 Words   |  4 PagesThe analysis of Porters Five Forces is a vital management tool used to analyze industries and how they comprehend hidden levers of gain. Alibabas leaders can utilize Porters Five Forces to see how the five focused powers impact profits and build up a methodology for upgrading Alibabas upper hand/long haul productivity in Specialty Retail. Porters Five Forces is basically an all-encompassing technique structure that doesnt only focus simply on breaking down the present rivalry, it also concentratesRead MoreWalmart s Vision : Wal Mart Essay922 Words   |  4 Pagesin the late 1940s by Sam Walton in Arkansas. He employed a strategy obtaining goods at large discounts and charging high retail price to his customers. His objective was to maximize profit margins. (Walton Huey, 1993) Walmart’s vision continues this tactic today in offer the lowest price, trim costs to the bar e minimum, and the search for new opportunities in the industry. Mr. Walton’s mission statement of â€Å"If we work together, we’ll lower the cost of living for everyone†¦we’ll give the worldRead MorePorter Five Forces Model950 Words   |  4 PagesPorter’s Five Forces Model: an overview Porter’s Five Forces Model: an overview Abstract Porter’s Five Forces Model is a structured framework for analyzing commerce and business establishment. It was formed by Michael E. Porter of the Harvard Business School between 1979 and the mid 1980’s. Porter developed the Five Forces model in opposition to the SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, environmental opportunities, threats) analysis that was an industry standard for businesses to determine how theyRead MoreCompetitive Analysis of Cargills Food City1467 Words   |  6 Pages[pic] [pic] [pic] CONTENT Page Porter’s five forces Model†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦01 Factors affect Porter’s Five Forces Model †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦02 Cargills Food City at a Glance†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦03 Analysis of porter’s five forces model in relation with cargills food city †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...03 Threats of New Entrants†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..03 Threat of Substitutes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦04 Degree of rivalry†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦05 Power of buyers†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.06Read MoreStarbucks Corporation, An American Coffeehouse And Coffee Company Essay707 Words   |  3 PagesStarbucks has become an industry leader in the roasting, marketing of specialty coffees, and retailing of their various coffee and tea products and accessories around world. 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Smoking Shisha General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose:To inform my audience about the effects of smoking shisha. Organisational Pattern: Topical order Central Idea: Smoking shisha can cause respiratory disease, cancers and under weights baby. Introduction I. Try to imagine this scene. A. You are in a labor room while your husband is nervously waiting next to you. B. You delivered your baby, your baby is crying, suddenly it stops. C. Your baby is having difficulty in breathing, the doctor try to help with everything he could. D. But it is too late- your baby died due to respiratory problem because of your irresponsible act, smoking shisha. II. Let me give you some information on shisha. A. India and Pakistan is said to be the origins of shisha, then became popular in Turkey. B. Shisha has various name such as hookah,narghile or qalyan. C. Hookah is a pipe instrument consists of smoke chamber, a bowl ,a pipe and a rubber hose. We will write a custom essay sample on Preparation Outline or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page D. Usually, charcoal is used to heat tobacco, then the smoke flows through water, rubber hose and lastly to a mouthpiece. E. A session of smoking shisha can last around 60 minutes which is equivalent to more than 100 cigarettes smoking. III. We have done extensive reading about researches and studies on the effects of smoking shisha. IV. Smoking shisha can be a major cause of respiratory disease, developing various cancers and resulting in low birth weight baby when shisha is smoke by pregnant women. BODY I. One of the diseases caused by smoking shisha is respiratory disease. A. Shisha tobacco is not 100% free from tar. 1. Tar is produces each time a charcoal used to heat tobacco. 2. Toxic substances such as carbon monoxide, carcinogens and heavy metals are greater in shisha smokes compare to cigarette. B. Carbon monoxide causes emphysema. . Emphysema occurs when air sacs or alveoli are expands with unwanted air. 2. Enlargement of alveoli destroys the walls resulting difficulty in oxygen and carbon monoxide interchange. Baby in mother’s womb unable to obtain enough oxygen will encounter breathing problem. 2. Women who smokes shisha more than once per day has higher risk of delivering an underweight baby by 2. 4 times greater than women who does not smoke. B. The baby might suffer Intrauterine Growth Retardation (IUGR). 1. IUGR happens when the baby do not fully grow in the womb. 2. This indicates that the baby has less weight compare to 90% of others babies. 3. IUGR enhance the risk of Down Syndrome, Caesarean delivering and death of the baby inside the womb. C. Others problem associated with underweight baby 1. Newborn baby has to face long term and short term impact such as growth development problem and weak brain’s ability. 2. Women’s smoker brings threat to the factor since smoking can added the chance of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) by 1. 4 to 3 times. CONCLUSION I. Do not be duped by the fruity flavors and sweet smells because it is only to conceals the effects of charcoal and tar heated. II. Authorities, especially government and others should boost up the awareness on effects of smoking shisha. III. Main effects of smoking shisha are causing numerous respiratory diseases, developing abundant cancers and premature newborn.